TNM staging (system)

The TNM staging system describes the tumor size (T) and spread into lymph nodesLymph nodes Lymph nodes are small organs of the immune system that are located throughout the body. Cancer often spreads to the lymph nodes close to the affected organ before spreading further to other organs. (N) and other organs (metastasisMetastasis A tumour that spreads by building new, secondary tumour in other organs than the one affected by the primary tumour. This spreading typically happens through cancer cells that detach from the tumour and are being transported through the blood or lymphatic system., M). It is determined through various tests and examinations, is an important indicator of prognosisPrognosis The most probable outcome or course of a disease, based on statistics and knowledge from observing patients in similar situations. Often used to mean the chance of recovery. and agressiveness of the tumor, and determines available treatment options (see standard of careStandard of care The proper, best practice treatment for a certain type of disease, by consensus of medical experts and adopted as standard treatment by healthcare professionals.).